• Q1. Derive an expression for the torque experienced by an electric dipole due to uniform electric field.
• Q2. Derive an expression for electric potential due to point charge.
• Q3. Obtain Gauss law from Coulomb's law.
• Q4. Obtain the expression for capacitance of parallel plate capacitor.
• Q5. Obtain the expression for energy stored in parallel plate capacitor.

• Q1. State Kirchhoff's rules.
• Q2. State the applications of Seebeck effect.
• Q3. Explain the principle of potentiometer.

• Q1. Compute the torque experienced by a magnetic needle in a uniform magnetic field.
• Q2. Find the magnetic field due to a long straight conductor using Ampere's Circuital Law.
• Q3. Give an account of magnetic Lorentz force.
• Q4. How is galvanometer converted into an ammeter?
• Q5. How is galvanometer converted into a voltmeter?
• Q6. Compare the properties of dia, para and ferro magnetic materials.

• Q1. Obtain an expression for motional EMF from Lorentz force.
• Q2. Assuming that the length of the solenoid is large when compared to its diameter, find the equation for its inductance.
• Q3. An inductor of inductance L carries an electric current. How much energy is stored while establishing the current in it?
• Q4. How will you induce an EMF by changing the area enclosed by the coil?
• Q5. Mention the various energy losses in a transformer.

• Q1. Write any six properties of electromagnetic waves.

• Q1. Derive the relation between f and R for spherical mirrors.
• Q2. What is optical path? Obtain its expression.
• Q3. Define critical angle. Obtain its expression.
• Q4. What is total internal reflection? Write the conditions for total internal reflection.

• Q1. Differentiate between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction.
• Q2. What is Fresnel distance? Obtain its expression.
• Q3. Differentiate interference and diffraction.
• Q4. List the uses of polaroids.
• Q5. State and obtain Brewster's law.

• Q1. What is photocell? Mention its types.
• Q2. List out the laws of photoelectric effect.
• Q3. Derive an expression for de Broglie wavelength of an electron.
• Q4. List out the characteristics of photons.
• Q5. How do we obtain characteristic X-ray spectra?

• Q1. Write the properties of cathode rays.
• Q2. Write down the postulates of Bohr's atom model.
• Q3. Discuss the different series of hydrogen atom.
• Q4. Describe α-decay with an example.
• Q5. What is radioactive decay law?
• Q6. Explain the Geiger Nuttall law (decay curve).
• Q7. What are cosmic rays? Write its properties.

• Q1. Distinguish between avalanche breakdown and Zener breakdown.
• Q2. State and prove De Morgan's theorem.
• Q3. List out the advantages and limitations of frequency modulation (FM).
• Q4. What is satellite communication? Give its applications.

Exam Preparation Tips

For 3-mark questions, write step-by-step derivations, include necessary formulas, draw diagrams where applicable, and mention units. Practice these questions repeatedly for better retention.